Trolleys, veils and prisoners: the case for accessibility from philosophical ethics

A presentation at Inclusive Design 24 in November 2017 in by Hidde de Vries

Slide 1

Slide 1

Trolleys, veils

and prisoners

VJGECUGHQTCEEGUUKDKNKV[ 
 HTQORJKNQUQRJKECNGVJKEU Hidde de Vries
16-11-2017 #id24 / @hdv

Slide 2

Slide 2

Hi, I'm Hidde #id24 / @hdv

Slide 3

Slide 3

#id24 / @hdv

Slide 4

Slide 4

#id24 / @hdv

Slide 5

Slide 5

#id24 / @hdv

Slide 6

Slide 6

#id24 / @hdv

Slide 7

Slide 7

#id24 / @hdv

Slide 8

Slide 8

#TIWOGPVU HQTC[ #id24 / @hdv

Slide 9

Slide 9

technical #TIWOGPVU HQTC[ #id24 / @hdv

Slide 10

Slide 10

#id24 / @hdv

Slide 11

Slide 11

#id24 / @hdv

Slide 12

Slide 12

#TIWOGPVU HQTC[ #id24 / @hdv

Slide 13

Slide 13

technical #TIWOGPVU HQTC[ #id24 / @hdv

Slide 14

Slide 14

technical legal #TIWOGPVU HQTC[ #id24 / @hdv

Slide 15

Slide 15

technical legal business #TIWOGPVU HQTC[ #id24 / @hdv

Slide 16

Slide 16

technical legal business moral #TIWOGPVU HQTC[ #id24 / @hdv

Slide 17

Slide 17

9JCV KUGVJKEU! #id24 / @hdv

Slide 18

Slide 18

how to live 9JCV KUGVJKEU! #id24 / @hdv

Slide 19

Slide 19

how to live what to do 9JCV KUGVJKEU! #id24 / @hdv

Slide 20

Slide 20

how to live what to do how we want our world shaped 9JCV KUGVJKEU! #id24 / @hdv

Slide 21

Slide 21

#id24 / @hdv

Slide 22

Slide 22

#id24 / @hdv

Slide 23

Slide 23

#id24 / @hdv

Slide 24

Slide 24

#id24 / @hdv how to live what to do how we want our world shaped 9JCV KUGVJKEU! #id24 / @hdv

Slide 25

Slide 25

Virtue ethics Duty ethics Utilitarianism 'VJKECN VJGQTKGU #id24 / @hdv

Slide 26

Slide 26

#id24 / @hdv

Slide 27

Slide 27

#id24 / @hdv There's no fixed set of 
 moral rules, it's about 
 learning character traits

Slide 28

Slide 28

#id24 / @hdv honesty
moderation generosity friendliness courage

Slide 29

Slide 29

#id24 / @hdv You don't get virtuous by chance, it is hard work and a bit like acquiring a skill.

Slide 30

Slide 30

#id24 / @hdv HGCT EQPHKFGPEG courage

Slide 31

Slide 31

#id24 / @hdv HGCT EQPHKFGPEG courage OGCP

Slide 32

Slide 32

#id24 / @hdv HGCT EQPHKFGPEG courage OGCP

Slide 33

Slide 33

#id24 / @hdv HGCT EQPHKFGPEG courage OGCP

Slide 34

Slide 34

Finding the mean in any given situation is not a mechanical or thoughtless procedure, but requires a full and detailed acquaintance with the circumstances.

Richard Kraut, Aristotle's Ethics 
 (in: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy ) “ #id24 / @hdv

Slide 35

Slide 35

#id24 / @hdv Give thought to the 
 circumstances and 
 find the best mean.

Slide 36

Slide 36

“Don't skip header levels” h1 h2 h3 h4 h5 h6 h1 h2 h3 h4 h5 h6 h1 h2 h3 h4 h5 h6 h1 h2 h3 h4 h5 h6 h1 h2 h3 h4 h5 h6 h1 h2 h3 h4 h5 h6 h1 h2 h3 h4 h5 h6 h1 h2 h3 h4 h5 h6 h1 h2 h3 h4 h5 h6 #id24 / @hdv

Slide 37

Slide 37

“Use semantic markup”

<fieldset> <legend>Favourite film <label for="titanic">Ti <input id="titanic" /> <label for="lebowski"> <input id="lebowski" />

Slide 38

Slide 38

Slide 39

Slide 39

Slide 40

Slide 40

#id24 / @hdv Let's regard finding the mean accessible solution as a skill, too.

Slide 41

Slide 41

#id24 / @hdv

Slide 42

Slide 42

#id24 / @hdv people as 
 rational beings

Slide 43

Slide 43

#id24 / @hdv categorical imperative

Slide 44

Slide 44

Act only according to that maxim by which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law . Immanuel Kant, Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals “ #id24 / @hdv

Slide 45

Slide 45

#id24 / @hdv 6JGRTQEGUU

Slide 46

Slide 46

#id24 / @hdv 1. Make a rule 6JGRTQEGUU

Slide 47

Slide 47

#id24 / @hdv 1. Make a rule 2. Would you like turn this into legislation that applies to all of humanity? 6JGRTQEGUU

Slide 48

Slide 48

#id24 / @hdv morality vs prudence

Slide 49

Slide 49

#id24 / @hdv

Slide 50

Slide 50

#id24 / @hdv The greatest happiness principle

Slide 51

Slide 51

#id24 / @hdv Does my action increase the world's total happiness?

Slide 52

Slide 52

#id24 / @hdv Does my action increase the world's total happiness?

Slide 53

Slide 53

#id24 / @hdv What is an 
 increase in 
 happiness?

Slide 54

Slide 54

#id24 / @hdv Make changes that 
 increase happiness, 
 avoid those that don't

Slide 55

Slide 55

#id24 / @hdv

Slide 56

Slide 56

#id24 / @hdv

Slide 57

Slide 57

#id24 / @hdv

Slide 58

Slide 58

#id24 / @hdv

Slide 59

Slide 59

#id24 / @hdv Does my action increase the world's total happiness?

Slide 60

Slide 60

#id24 / @hdv Does my action increase the website's total accessibility?

Slide 61

Slide 61

It doesn't have to be perfect, it just has to be a little bit better than yesterday . Léonie Watson “ #id24 / @hdv

Slide 62

Slide 62

#id24 / @hdv

Slide 63

Slide 63

The trolley
problem #id24 / @hdv

Slide 64

Slide 64

Jesse Prinz / subcortex.com #id24 / @hdv

Slide 65

Slide 65

#id24 / @hdv

Slide 66

Slide 66

#id24 / @hdv Jesse Prinz / subcortex.com

Slide 67

Slide 67

#id24 / @hdv

Slide 68

Slide 68

This is about making the right choices #id24 / @hdv

Slide 69

Slide 69

#id24 / @hdv Footer at bowers-wilkins.com

Slide 70

Slide 70

lots of subtle shades of grey lots of contrast #id24 / @hdv

Slide 71

Slide 71

#id24 / @hdv

Slide 72

Slide 72

set focus
styles to 
 outline: none; design a prettier focus indicator #id24 / @hdv

Slide 73

Slide 73

As a digital team, you have a lever to pull #id24 / @hdv

Slide 74

Slide 74

The veil of
ignorance #id24 / @hdv

Slide 75

Slide 75

#id24 / @hdv

Slide 76

Slide 76

#id24 / @hdv ` original position

Slide 77

Slide 77

Amongst the essential features of this situation is that no one knows his place in society, his class position or social status, nor does any one know his fortune in the distribution of natural assets and abilities, his intelligence, strength and the like. John Rawls, A theory of justice “ #id24 / @hdv

Slide 78

Slide 78

principle of 
 equal liberty 8GKNQH KIPQTCPEG #id24 / @hdv

Slide 79

Slide 79

difference principle 8GKNQH KIPQTCPEG #id24 / @hdv

Slide 80

Slide 80

Consider new 
 features from the 
 original position #id24 / @hdv

Slide 81

Slide 81

#id24 / @hdv

Slide 82

Slide 82

#id24 / @hdv

Slide 83

Slide 83

#id24 / @hdv

Slide 84

Slide 84

#id24 / @hdv

Slide 85

Slide 85

The prisoner's dilemma #id24 / @hdv

Slide 86

Slide 86

#id24 / @hdv

Slide 87

Slide 87

#id24 / @hdv Wikipedia

Slide 88

Slide 88

conflicting 
 interests 2TKUQPGT U FKNGOOC #id24 / @hdv

Slide 89

Slide 89

#id24 / @hdv front-end dev designer

Slide 90

Slide 90

#id24 / @hdv H.GV UMGGR VJGHQEWU KPFKECVQTKP RNCEGI front-end dev designer

Slide 91

Slide 91

#id24 / @hdv H.GV UMGGR VJGHQEWU KPFKECVQTKP RNCEGI H0CNQQMU WIN[PQV IQQFHQT O[RQTVHQNKQI front-end dev designer

Slide 92

Slide 92

#id24 / @hdv SEO expert a11y nerd

Slide 93

Slide 93

#id24 / @hdv H2NGCUGOCMG 
 CNNVJGVJKPIU 
 J I SEO expert a11y nerd

Slide 94

Slide 94

#id24 / @hdv H2NGCUGOCMG 
 CNNVJGVJKPIU 
 J I H'JDWVQWT WUGTUPGGFC UGPUKDNGJGCFGT UVTWEVWTGI SEO expert a11y nerd

Slide 95

Slide 95

#id24 / @hdv front-end dev CEO

Slide 96

Slide 96

#id24 / @hdv H.GV UURGPF UQOGVKOG QPOCMKPI VJCVECTQWUGN OQTGKPENWUKXGI front-end dev CEO

Slide 97

Slide 97

#id24 / @hdv H.GV UURGPF UQOGVKOG QPOCMKPI VJCVECTQWUGN OQTGKPENWUKXGI H+ FTCVJGT URGPFVJG DWFIGVQP QWT68CFI front-end dev CEO

Slide 98

Slide 98

Line up interests to 
 get more people 
 care about accessibility #id24 / @hdv

Slide 99

Slide 99

Make the business case. #id24 / @hdv

Slide 100

Slide 100

#id24 / @hdv https://vimeo.com/145138872

Slide 101

Slide 101

#id24 / @hdv

Slide 102

Slide 102

#id24 / @hdv

Slide 103

Slide 103

#id24 / @hdv #id24 / @hdv

Slide 104

Slide 104

#id24 / @hdv %QPENWUKQP #id24 / @hdv

Slide 105

Slide 105

#id24 / @hdv make good choices %QPENWUKQP #id24 / @hdv

Slide 106

Slide 106

#id24 / @hdv make good choices think beyond your own privilege %QPENWUKQP #id24 / @hdv

Slide 107

Slide 107

#id24 / @hdv make good choices think beyond your own privilege line up interests %QPENWUKQP #id24 / @hdv

Slide 108

Slide 108

#id24 / @hdv (WTVJGT TGCFKPI #id24 / @hdv https://plato.stanford.edu

Slide 109

Slide 109

#id24 / @hdv (WTVJGT TGCFKPI #id24 / @hdv http://justiceharvard.org

Slide 110

Slide 110

#id24 / @hdv (WTVJGT TGCFKPI #id24 / @hdv

Slide 111

Slide 111

T hanks for listening! 
 hidde@hiddedevries.nl @hdv #id24 / @hdv